At Crossover, Most Votes Aren't Close

Three out of four votes for bills that survived crossover passed with unanimous support. For the remaining quarter of votes that passed over some opposition, dissent almost always fell along party lines, in line with recent sessions since 2022.

"Some Opposition" Any roll call vote on the House or Senate floor that passes with opposition from less than one-third of the votes cast, and without unanimous support.

"Closely Contested" Any roll call vote on the House or Senate floor that passes with opposition by one-third or more of the votes cast.

• Straight Party Line: All Republicans took one position, and all Democrats took the other.
• Near Party Line: At least 90% of one or both parties voted the same way.
• Not Party Line: Neither party had at least 90% of members vote the same way.

Sources: Virginia LIS and VPAP analysis